Radiator.



B. HOLT.

RADIATOR.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 14. 1911.

1 9 1 4k, 9? Patented June '22, 1915.

y u i l i i a i. l.

RADIATOR.

nance.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 22, ra n,

Application filed October 14, 1911. Serial No. 85 L735.

To all 'whom'it may concern Be it known that I, BENJAMIN HOLT, a citizen of the United States, and residingat Stockton, in the county of San Joaqu1n,-

State of California, and whose post-office address is care of The Holt Manufacturing Company, at the same place, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Radiators; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the said invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it most nearly appertains to make, use, and practise the same.

This invention relates to improvements in radiators for the cooling systems of internal combustion engines:

The invention consists of the novel construction and arrangement of the parts, and of the novel method of circulating the coolifng 1filnedium, as hereinafter more fully set ort a The objects sought to be accomplished are i the production of a radiator mechanically simple, easily assembled and repaired; combined with a circulating system wherein the cooling medium at its lowest temperature is circulated about the combustion chambers, wherein the temperature is the highest.

Broadly the invention consists of a radiator comprising upper and lower headers, with lateral openings, hermetically sealed in said openings and having a tiebolt, extending therethrough whereby the manifolds are held in position on the headers; a series of radiation tubes communicating between the upper and lower manifolds and hermetically fixed therein. The upper and lower headers are divided into chambers, whereby the circulating medium discharged intothe header, passes into the first set of manifolds, down through the radiation tubes into the lower manifolds and into the lower header; from whence it is'distributed to the second set of manifolds and passes upward through the radiation tubes,

. to the second manifold, communicating with the top header, where it is distributed to the third set of manifolds, and so continuing downward and upward until discharged from the upper manifolds and passed back to the reservoir from\ whence it is pumped directly to the engine cylinders, from whence it is discharged into the radiator, as described. In the radiator the cooling medium is subjected to a, blast from-a. mechanically tubular manifolds headers.

the forced circulation driven fan located in front of the radiator,

and adapted to force air around and about the radiation tubes.

In thedrawings: Figure 1. is a diagrammatic side elevation of this invention asapplied to an internal combustion engine. Fig. 2- is a plan view from above of the radiator. Fig. -3- is a vertical cross section taken longitudinally of the top header. Fig. t is a similar view of the lower header.

In detail the construction consists of the upper header 1, having the threaded inlet opening 2, and the chamber 3, with the lateral openings 4:, having a concentric annular groove, adapted to receive the ends of the manifolds 5. The division walls 6 across the headers compells the medium introduced into the headers to discharge through the openings 4 into the manifolds 5. The headers thus divided form thegroups of manifolds into series of two forming a cross connection between the manifolds to allow for return circulation in the up and down movements of the cooling medium.

From Fig. 3 of the drawings, it will be apparent that the upper header possesses a pair of end chambers and a series of larger intermediate chambers, which lattercorrespond to the chambers of the lower header, shown in Fig- The manifolds consist of a section of tubing closed at the outer end and having a series of radiation tubes 7 fixed in a serles of openings formed therein and communleating with a similar manifold at the other end. The top and bottom manifolds 5 are adapted to engage the groove formed around the lateral opening in the top and bottom The radiation sections are arranged in groups of two on opposite sides of the headers-and are held in this fixed position by the bolts 8 passing through the manifolds and the header, and having the nut 9 screwed on the ends outside the closed ends of the manifolds. The tension of the bolts compresses gaskets interposed between the ends of the manifold tubes and the bottom of thegrooves formed around the openings in the headers. 1

To permit proper drainage of the whole radiator, the division walls 6 are provided with a small perforation 10. This per foration is not large enough to interfere with through the radiator, and is merely a precautionary measure to permit the complete withdrawal of all the water or other circulating medium liable to burst the radiator by freezing when inactive.

' A drainage cock of conventional form is preferably connected to the lower header as shown in Fig. 1.

In .operation the cold circulating medium is pumped from the bottom of the reservoir 11, through the service cook 12 and the check valve 13, by the pump 14, and forced through the pipe 15 into the water jackets of the engine cylinders 161 -From the water jackets the liquid is discharged into the top hea er 1, and is distributed through the openings 4 into the manifolds; thence down through the radiation tubes into the lower manifolds; thence into the chamber 17 of the lower header 1, from whence it passes out through the lower manifolds, upward through the second series of radiation tubes, and into the top manifolds; from whence it is discharged into the second chamber 18 of the top header; from whence it is discharged into the third sections of the radiator; continuing thus to pass upward and downward through the'succeeding radiation tubes from one header to the other header until finally discharged from the last section back into the top .header, from whence it ,is forced through the pipe 19 back into the reservoir.

The radiator is inelosed, within the sheathgQO open at the rear and provided with the-flanged circular opening 21, at the front. The fan-22 is adapted to rotate Within this opening and is mechanically driven from the engine shaft to cause a blast of air to circulate about the outer surfaces of the radiation tubes. The-circulating system is provided with the sight glass 23 through which the quantity and the condition of the circulating medium can be observed.

The multiplicity of parts comprising a radiator an'd'the necessarily fragile nature of its attenuated radiation tubes, make it necessary. to provide convenient means for repalrlng leakages, caused by vibration and the roughiusage incidental to thischaracter ofmachinery. In the event of a leak occurnew section ring many of the radiation sections the nuts the tion removed and a complete new section substituted wlth very little effort. If no the assemblage, the sec-' be removed and dummy manifolds substituted in an emergency. The advantages of this-unit section system are too obvious to require extended description. The particular advantage of forcing the circulation upward and downward as before described from the rear forward, is that the whole body of circulating medium is compelled to pass through all the tubes; in eontradistinction to the common type of radiator, wherein the body of liquid may be disturbed by internal currents; the hot liquid seeking the line of least resistance, causing uneven distribution of heat and throwing undue stress upon certain portions of the radiation surface, while other portions of the mass lie dead or trapped within the radiator. A further advantage of this arrangement of the radiator and the novel circuit of the liquid is that the coldest liquid passes out of the raidator immediately behind the fan. By this method the coldest liquid is delivered to the water jackets and the greatest heat in the radiator is at the rear from whence it is carried away by the extremes of temperatureare avoided in any one set of the radiation tubes.

Having thus described this invention what is claimed and desired to secure by Letters Patent is;

A radiator including an upper header having a series of large chambers and a pair of end chambers, stationary partitions separating the chambers, a lower header having a series of large chambers, stationary partitions separating said last named chambers, a pair of manifolds for each end chamber, two pairs of manifolds for each large chamber arranged one pair on each side thereof, and communicating therewith, each of said manifolds being of considerable length and being spaced apart throughout their lengths and being independent of each other, and a plurality of series of vertical tubes, each series being composed of a multiplicity of the fan blast 

